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Username :: abhijit_bailur@yahoo.co.in
password :: 832791cf.
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password :: 832791cf.
PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE PASSWORD
Tuesday, June 12, 2012
Sunday, June 10, 2012
The story behind MRI in PICS
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| Michael Goldsmith, Raymond Damadian and Michael Stanford beginning the winding of thirty miles of Niobium Titanium wire on one of the two solenoid (circular) winding frames that would compose Indomitable's MRI magnet. |
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| One of the two liquid helium dewars under construction that would house one of Indomitable's two superconducting magnet coils and maintain the necessary -269° C temperature needed to establish superconductivity in the Niobium Titanium magnet coil. |
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| Raymond Damadian, Larry Minkoff and Michael Goldsmith with "Indomitable" and its iced liquid helium and liquid nitrogen ports: the world's first supercooled, superconducting MR scanner and the world's first MRI machine |
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| The unsuccessful first human MRI scan of Damadian. Goldsmith concluded that Damadian was simply "too fat" for his NMR receiver coil (the multi-conductor helix around Damadian's chest) |
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| L. Minkoff in Indomitable with some "room to spare" inside the Goldsmith receiver coil. |
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| The data of the first live human MRI scan of L. Minkoff's chest consisting of 106 data points acquired over four hours and forty five minutes. |
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| The interpolated image of the Minkoff scan and the first ever MRI scan of a live human being (4:45 AM July 3, 1977). |
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| July 3, 1977 the 4:45 AM jubilation of Team Indomitable. |
Monday, May 14, 2012
Friday, March 23, 2012
Designing a Career in Biomedical Engineering
What kind of career do you imagine for yourself? Doctor? Lawyer? Scientist? Engineer? Teacher? CEO? Manager? Salesperson? A university degree in biomedical engineering will prepare you for all of these professions and more. Biomedical engineers use their expertise in biology, medicine, physics, mathematics, engineering science and communication to make the world a healthier place. The challenges created by the diversity and complexity of living systems require creative, knowledgeable, and imaginative people working in teams of physicians, scientists, engineers, and even business folk to monitor, restore and enhance normal body function. The biomedical engineer is ideally trained to work at the intersection of science, medicine and mathematics to solve biological and medical problems.
Further reading:::
Radiology Galleries
case 1::75 year-old lady had six years previously undergone a mastectomy for a Grade 3, node positive breast carcinoma. She represented generally unwell with increasing back pain. Serological investigation showed her to be hypercalcaemic. This plain pelvic x-ray shows multiple osteolytic bone metastases. Despite treatment with a bisphosphonate she died two months later.
case2 : 82 year-old man presented to his general practitioner with increasing abdominal distension and vomiting of undigested. He had suffered with postprandial epigastric pain for a number of years but had never sought medical advice. A barium meal was arranged. This showed the stomach to grossly distended with a large food residue. The appearances were those of pyloric stenosis which was confirmed with an upper GI endoscopy. The underlying pathology was peptic ulcer disease. A partial gastrectomy with a Polya reconstruction was performed.
some similar cases with radiological galery follow it at the below link :::
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment with Ultrasonography
Musculoskeletal ultrasound is a rapidly growing imaging modality used for the investigation and management of musculoskeletal disorders. The first report of musculoskeletal ultrasonography was published in 1958 by K. T. Dussik who measured the acoustic attenuation of articular and periarticular tissues including skin, adipose tissue, muscle, tendon, articular capsule, articular cartilage and bone (Dussik et al., 1958). It was first used in rheumatoid arthritis by Cooperberg in 1978 for the assessment of synovitis in the knee. (Cooperberg et al., 1978). De Flaviis made the first report of ultrasonography in the hand in rheumatoid arthritis in 1988, describing synovitis, tenosynovitis, and erosions (De Flaviis et al., 1988).The first application of power Doppler in demonstrating soft tissue hyperaemia in musculoskeletal disease was reported in 1994 by J. S. Newman (Newman et al., 1994). Since, power Doppler has started to replace gray-scale ultrasonography as an indicator of inflammatory joint disease. Ultrasonography has a number of advantages, including good patient tolerability and ability to scan multiple joints in a short period of time. Thanks to smaller high-frequency transducers that were better suited for superficial structures such as the small joints, many reports and studies have been published. However, there are scarce data regarding its validity, reproducibility, and responsiveness to change, making interpretation and comparison of studies difficult. In particular, there are limited data describing standardized scanning methodology and standardized definitions of ultrasonography pathologies.
further reading:::
want to know more on ultrasound signal processing...
Ultrasound is one of the most widely used modalities in medical imaging.Ultrasound imaging is regularly
for further reading ::http://www.medimaging.jp/whitepaper/750.pdf
used in cardiology,obstetrics, gynecology, abdominal imaging, etc. Its popularity arises from the fact that
it provides high-resolution images without the use of ionizing radiation.It is also mostly non-invasive, although an invasive technique like intra-vascular imaging is also possible. Non-diagnostic use of ultrasound is finding increased use in clinical applications, (e.g., in guiding interventional procedures). There are also novel non-imaging uses of ultrasound like bone densitometer where the ultrasound speed difference is used to measure the depth or width of bones non-invasively.Ultrasound systems are signal processing intensive. With various imaging modalities and different processing requirements in each modality, digital signal processors (DSP) are finding increasing use in such systems. The advent of low power system-on-chip (SOC) with DSP and RISC processors is allowing OEMs to provide portable and low cost systems without compromising the image quality necessary for clinical applications. This white paper introduces ultrasound systems. The focus of this paper is on the signal processing aspects of the ultrasound system [20]. The basic concepts behind ultrasound systems are provided in Section 2. In this section, the components that a modern ultrasound system are based on are provided along with a brief description of ultrasound properties applicable to imaging. Section 3 introduces the ultrasound transducer that forms the basic ultrasound transmission and reception sensor for this imaging mode. Section 4 focuses on front-end processing with special attention to the basics of beamforming using multiple transducer elements. The most commonly used delay and sum (DAS) beamforming is also introduced in this section. Section 5 describes the mid-end processing, which is defined as any processing that is done on each scan line during image acquisition. Section 6 describes the back-end processing of an ultrasound system, which is composed of image enhancement, noise reduction, and display functionalities. Section 7 describes the Doppler mode of operation, which provides a visual display of motion inside the body. Finally, Section 8 briefly introduces the basic concepts used for 3D/4D imaging.
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